Source
https://www.eeca.govt.nz/insights/data-tools/energy-end-use-database/ — original source (opens in a new tab; the file is not redistributed)
EECA Energy End Use Database — 2024-data refresh + Insights report (2017–2024)
The annual EECA Energy End Use Database (EEUD) refresh — the successor vintage to RD_007. Two bundled raws: the EEUD cross-tab extended to 2024 (SectorGroup × Sector × ANZSIC × FuelGroup × Fuel × Technology × EndUse × year, 3,702 rows, TJ) plus EECA's June-2026 "Insights 2024 data" analytical report. Delivers (1) a fresh 2024 data year, (2) a revised 2017–2023 back-series (2023 national delivered energy re-based 542.7 → 532.2 PJ), and (3) new 2024 narrative — data-centre electricity up ~17× since 2017, dairy/meat coal declining, industrial fossil share at an 8-year low.
Both raws read in full and every figure cross-checked CSV ↔ PDF (they agree). data_quality: high (not verified) — matching RD_007, because the EEUD is authoritative-but-MODELLED (residential end-use split is a held-constant 2021 RBS modifier; Wood/Solar/Geothermal residential cells are GDP-scaled placeholders). The methodology PDF in the same drop is already OT_027 and is excluded here.
Summary
This is the next annual vintage of the EECA Energy End Use Database, the official NZ-government cross-tabulation of delivered energy by sector, fuel, technology and end-use. It supersedes RD_007 (the 2017–2023 extract taken Mar 2025) on three counts. First, it adds the 2024 calendar year — the CSV now spans 2017–2024 (3,702 data rows; 449 of them 2024), extending every residential / transport / industrial / commercial / agricultural end-use series by one year. Second, the whole 2017–2023 back-series has been revised: national delivered energy for 2023 is now reported as 532.2 PJ, down from the 542.7 PJ in RD_007’s Mar-2025 extract, with the transport and residential sector totals likewise re-based — so the two vintages are not splice-compatible and NI should migrate to this one. Third, it bundles EECA’s standalone June-2026 “Insights 2024 data” report (14 pp), which is genuinely new analytical content: fossil fuels still ~two-thirds of national energy; transport the largest and least-electrified sector; road transport 96% internal-combustion; data-centre electricity demand growing sharply (41 TJ in 2017 → 691 TJ in 2024); and the dairy, meat and broader industrial sectors trending off coal toward electricity. The methodology PDF that shipped in the same RT_126 retrieval drop is already in the corpus as OT_027 and is excluded from this source; the construction logic it documents (hybrid MBIE top-down balances × bottom-up commissioned reports and the 2021 Residential Baseline Study) still governs the cell values here. This resolves the RT_126 monitoring target for the 2024 vintage.
Key claims
- claim: "EEUD 2024 vintage — dataset scope. The cross-tabulation now spans calendar years 2017–2024 inclusive (8 years; RD_007 stopped at 2023). CSV has 3,702 data rows × 12 columns (SectorGroup, Sector, SectorANZSIC, FuelGroup, Fuel, TechnologyGroup, Technology, EnduseGroup, EndUse, Transport flag, EnergyValue in Terajoules, PeriodEndDate); the 2024 year contributes 449 rows. 5 SectorGroups (Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing, Commercial, Industrial, Residential, Transport); NZ national geography only (no regional/TA cut, same limitation as RD_007). 92 rows carry a stringly 'NULL' energyValue (EECA null-spreading rule, vs 94 in RD_007)."
source_location: "CSV header row + full parse (rd_024_eeud-data-2017-2024.csv); null count = 92 non-numeric energyValue cells"
- claim: "2024 national delivered energy by fuel group: Fossil Fuels ~66.6% (347.0 PJ), Electricity ~26.9% (140.1 PJ), Renewables ~6.5% (33.8 PJ) of a 520.9 PJ national total. Fossil fuels remain about two-thirds of energy consumed."
source_location: "PDF §2.1 Chart 1 (rounded 67% / 27% / 6%); CSV 2024 FuelGroup aggregation (66.6/26.9/6.5%)"
- claim: "2024 national delivered energy by sector group: Transport 38.8% (202.2 PJ), Industrial/Manufacturing 28.2% (146.8 PJ), Residential 16.7% (86.75 PJ), Commercial 10.4% (54.08 PJ), Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing 6.0% (31.09 PJ). Transport is the largest and least-electrified sector; Commercial and Residential are mainly electricity (62% and 58% electricity-fuelled respectively); Agriculture is roughly half diesel."
source_location: "PDF §2.2 Chart 2 (rounded 39/28/17/10/6%; 62%/58% electricity note); CSV 2024 SectorGroup aggregation"
- claim: "2024 Residential by fuel (86.75 PJ total): Electricity 58.1% (50.4 PJ), Petrol 16.6% (14.4 PJ — household vehicle fuel), Wood 8.6% (7.44 PJ), Natural Gas 8.4% (7.28 PJ), LPG 4.5% (3.90 PJ), Diesel 3.0% (2.60 PJ), Solar 0.4% (0.364 PJ), Geothermal 0.2% (0.209 PJ), Coal 0.2% (0.154 PJ). ⚠ The Wood (7,441.9 TJ), Solar (364.0 TJ) and Geothermal (209.0 TJ) residential cells are byte-identical to RD_007's 2023 values — confirming they remain GDP-scaled 2007-baseline placeholders, not measured 2024 trajectories; do not read these three fuels as a trend."
source_location: "CSV 2024 Residential × Fuel aggregation; Wood/Solar/Geothermal = 7441.9/364.0/209.0 TJ (identical to RD_007 2023)"
- claim: "2024 Residential ELECTRICITY end-use decomposition (50.4 PJ total): Water Heating 26.7% (13.46 PJ), Electronics & Other Electrical Uses 20.5% (10.33 PJ), Space Heating 20.3% (10.22 PJ), Refrigeration 11.8% (5.95 PJ), Cooking 9.3% (4.70 PJ), Lighting 5.5% (2.77 PJ), Space Cooling 2.4% (1.20 PJ), Dishwashers 1.5%, Clothes Washing 1.4%, Clothes Drying 0.7%. Water + space heating = 47.0% of residential electricity (the heat-pump-conversion / shiftable-load envelope). ⚠ These percentage shares are byte-identical to RD_007's 2023 split — the 2024 refresh SCALES the residential end-use modifier (2021 Residential Baseline Study) proportionally rather than re-measuring it; the growth is in the absolute totals (residential electricity 49.5 PJ 2023 → 50.4 PJ 2024, both figures from THIS 2024 vintage; ⚠ RD_007's PRE-REVISION 2023 value was 47.7 PJ and is NOT splice-compatible — the back-series was re-based, see key_claim 12)."
source_location: "CSV 2024 Residential × Electricity × EndUse aggregation (shares identical to RD_007 key_claim 5); CSV 2023 vs 2024 Residential Electricity totals 49,497.4 → 50,429.3 TJ"
- claim: "2024 Transport by fuel (202.2 PJ total): Diesel 51.2% (103.5 PJ), Petrol 41.2% (83.3 PJ), Aviation Fuel/Kerosene 6.6% (13.27 PJ), Electricity 0.6% (1.20 PJ), Fuel Oil 0.4% (0.76 PJ), LPG 0.1% (0.14 PJ). Of on-road diesel, ~52% is used by trucks, 33% by vans and utes, 11% by light passenger vehicles, 4% by buses. Transport remains ~99% fossil-fuelled."
source_location: "PDF §2.4 Chart 4 (51/41/7/0.6/0.4/0.1%) + §1.1 (diesel road split 52/33/11/4%); CSV 2024 Transport × Fuel aggregation"
- claim: "2024 Transport by mode: Road 92%, Air 7%, Rail 0.8%, Sea 0.4% of transport energy — road transport dominates. Road transport by vehicle mode: light passenger 48%, light commercial 21%, heavy truck 18%, medium truck 7%, light truck 3.3%, bus 2%, motorcycle 0.3% (light passenger + light commercial ≈ two-thirds of road energy)."
source_location: "PDF §2.3 Chart 3 (modes) + §2.5 Chart 5 (vehicle modes)"
- claim: "2024 Road-transport technology mix: Internal Combustion Engine 95.9%, Conventional (non-plug-in) Hybrid 3.4%, Battery Electric Vehicle 0.5%, Plug-in Hybrid 0.2% — i.e. ~96% ICE, ~4% electrified/hybrid. Within the electrified+hybrid ~4%: conventional hybrids 84%, plug-in hybrids 12%, battery-electric 4%. EVs use less energy per vehicle than fossil equivalents, further lowering their share of transport energy."
source_location: "PDF §2.6 Chart 6 (95.9/3.4/0.5/0.2%) + Chart 7 (HEV 84% / PHEV 12% / BEV 4%)"
- claim: "Data-centre electricity demand — rapid recent growth. Data-centre stationary electricity rose 41 TJ (2017) → 65.6 → 98.4 → 98.4 → 123.0 → 410.0 (2022) → 492.0 (2023) → 691.3 TJ (2024), a sharp inflection from 2022 driven by hyperscale build-out (CDC, DCI; Microsoft cloud region 2024, AWS 2025). Data centres are still only ~0.5% of NZ total electricity demand in 2024 but are expected to keep growing."
source_location: "PDF §2.12 Chart 13 (41 → 691 TJ; ~0.5% of electricity); CSV 'Data Centers' sector series by year"
- claim: "Dairy Product Manufacturing — largest single business energy user (~14% of business stationary energy in 2024; ~29.36 PJ total, of which Electricity 3,139 TJ / Fossil fuels 26,013 TJ / Renewables 207 TJ). Coal use is declining while gas rose: Coal 13,287 (2017) → 10,571 TJ (2024, −20%); Natural Gas 11,333 → 15,442 TJ (+36%); Electricity 2,934 → 3,139 TJ. Fonterra announced (2025) a plan to convert two gas boilers to electricity."
source_location: "PDF §2.10 Chart 11 + Chart 8 (Dairy 3139/26013/29359); CSV 'Dairy Product Manufacturing' × Fuel × year (2024 renewables = 206.9 TJ, all geothermal)"
- claim: "Meat & Seafood Manufacturing — declining coal via fuel-switching (high-temp heat pumps / electrode boilers at ANZCO Kokiri and AFFCO Awarua operational 2023). 2017 → 2024: Electricity 2,700 → 2,909 TJ, Natural Gas 2,614 → 2,374 TJ, Coal 1,207 → 1,228 TJ. Industrial/Manufacturing stationary fuel mix 2024: Fossil Fuels 53.9% (an 8-year low), Electricity 30.6%, Renewables 15.5%."
source_location: "PDF §2.11 Chart 12 + §2.9 Chart 10 (industrial fossil 54% / electricity 31% / renewables 15%); CSV 'Meat and Meat Product Manufacturing and Seafood' × Fuel × year + Industrial stationary aggregation"
- claim: "All-business stationary fuel-mix trend (2017–2024): fossil-fuel share peaked at ~55% in 2019 and trended down to ~51% in 2024; electricity rose from 34% (2019) to 38% (2024); renewables ~11% (flat). ⚠ BACK-SERIES REVISION: this 2024 vintage re-bases the historical years. National delivered energy 2023 is now 532.2 PJ (was 542.7 PJ in RD_007's Mar-2025 extract); 2023 Residential 85.40 PJ (was 83.6 PJ); 2023 Transport 202.44 PJ (was 207.5 PJ). The 2017–2023 series is therefore NOT splice-compatible with RD_007 — standardise NI on this vintage. National total trajectory: 566.6 PJ (2017) → 537.1 (2020) → 535.4 (2022) → 532.2 (2023) → 520.9 PJ (2024)."
source_location: "PDF §2.8 Chart 9 (fossil 55%→51%, electricity 34%→38%, renewables 11%); CSV national/sector year totals (2023 = 532.2 PJ vs RD_007 542.7 PJ; 2023 Residential 85.40 PJ; 2023 Transport 202.44 PJ)"Neobiome Intelligence relevance
This is a direct in-place upgrade of the NI residential demand baseline currently anchored on RD_007, plus new transport-sector and macro context. Value to NI (feeds D01 energy, D05 mobility/transport):
- Refreshed residential demand-mix + end-use split (D01). The 2024 residential electricity end-use decomposition (key_claim 5) is the canonical NZ-government breakdown for sizing PV + BESS against real household load shape — water heating + space heating = 47% of residential electricity, the heat-pump-conversion / shiftable-load envelope NI already uses. The percentage split is unchanged from RD_007 (it is a held-constant 2021 Residential Baseline Study modifier), but the absolute totals have grown — residential electricity 49.5 → 50.4 PJ within this vintage (⚠ RD_007’s pre-revision 2023 figure of 47.7 PJ is not splice-comparable — the back-series was re-based; see the back-series bullet below) — so NI’s per-household anchors should tick up.
- Updated per-household anchors (D01, DERIVED). Using ≈ 1.95 M dwellings (Census 2023) as denominator: residential electricity ≈ 7,184 kWh/hh/yr (up from RD_007’s ~6,790 kWh reported for 2023) and total residential energy ≈ 12,357 kWh/hh/yr (up from ~11,900). ⚠ These are DERIVED (denominator not in the raw). For a 50-household community that implies ~360 MWh/yr baseline electricity demand, excluding productive load — a live NI sizing input.
- Back-series revision = migrate the vintage (D01). Because the whole 2017–2023 series was re-based (key_claim 12: 2023 national 542.7 → 532.2 PJ; 2023 residential 83.6 → 85.40 PJ; 2023 transport 207.5 → 202.44 PJ), any NI calibration cell sourced from RD_007 should be re-checked against this vintage rather than spliced — the two are not continuous.
- Transport demand + electrification state (D05). The 2024 transport breakdown (key_claims 6–8) gives NI a national mobility baseline: ~99% fossil, 96% ICE, only ~4% electrified/hybrid, diesel dominated by trucks (52% of road diesel). This quantifies the electrified-transport headroom and is the demand-side counterpart to the EV-uptake data in RD_006 and the EV-metrics registers (RD_011). Useful where a community models EV/e-bike/electrified-rural-transport load.
- Agriculture / industrial productive-load context (D01). The sector × fuel cells (dairy electricity, indoor-cropping coal/gas, meat/seafood coal-switching) seed rural productive-load and process-heat decarbonisation scenarios, overlapping RD_008.
Thesis (NZ energy-state context). The macro sectoral split, transport’s ~99% fossil dependency, industry’s fossil share at an 8-year low, and the data-centre electricity-growth story (41 → 691 TJ) are ready quantified inputs for the thesis “state of NZ energy” argument and the decarbonisation-magnitude framing — the 2024-data update of the same evidence RD_007 supplied for 2023.
Provenance caveats (unchanged from RD_007 / OT_027): national geography only (apportion by household/business count for a specific community — RT_127 still open); residential end-use cells are 2021-RBS-modelled, not measured; Wood/Solar/Geothermal residential cells are GDP-scaled 2007-baseline placeholders (flat across all years — do not cite as trend); 92 ‘NULL’ cells spread by the EECA rule can bias fine-grained subsector shares.
Research targets
Resolved
- RT_126 (RESOLVED → this page): “EECA EEUD 2024+ refresh.” The next vintage was retrieved and ingested — the end-use time series now extends through 2024, and the accompanying June-2026 EECA “Insights 2024 data” report is captured. Note the 2024 vintage also revised the 2017–2023 back-series (a change RT_126 anticipated as “surface any 2023 methodology revisions”).
Research gaps / standing targets (no new RTs minted)
No new RTs were spawned. The standing EEUD targets remain:
- RT_127 (still OPEN — not served here): EEUD regional / Territorial-Authority disaggregation. This 2024 vintage is still NZ-national only, so RT_127 is unchanged — document the household/business-count apportionment as an NI calibration step, or confirm a regional cut with EECA.
- RT_227 (already OPEN): programmatic/queryable EEUD access (the EECA Quarto/Shiny dashboard + public repo) — the route to a finer-than-national or auto-refreshing feed.
- Deliberately not minted: an annual-refresh monitor for the 2025 vintage (recurring low-value monitoring — folded into RT_227’s programmatic-access scope) and the NZTech data-centres report cited in the Insights PDF footnote 8 (national/industrial, not community-scale — no NI blocking gap).
Notes
Multi-file data source, both raws read in full and reconciled against each other (Python parse of the CSV; pdftotext -layout of the Insights PDF). Every quantitative claim above was cross-checked in both directions — the PDF’s rounded chart percentages (Charts 1–13) all reconcile to the CSV’s exact TJ aggregations (e.g. data centres 41 → 691 TJ; dairy coal 13,287 → 10,571 TJ; transport diesel/petrol 51.2%/41.2%). data_quality: high (not verified) is deliberate and matches the sibling RD_007: traceability is complete, but the EEUD is an authoritative-but-modelled product (held-constant 2021-RBS residential modifier; GDP-scaled Wood/Solar/Geothermal placeholders; null-spreading) — reliability is bounded by the model, not by our reading.
Overlap decision: the RT_126 retrieval drop contained three files. RT_126_Methodology-May-2024.pdf is already ingested as OT_027 and was excluded (not re-filed). The remaining two — the 2017–2024 data CSV and the “Insights 2024 data” report PDF — are bundled here as one multi-file source, the successor vintage to RD_007. It is not a duplicate: the source adds a new 2024 data year, a revised 2017–2023 back-series, and standalone 2024 analytical narrative — none of which exist in RD_007 or OT_027.
Connections
Links to
Referenced by
Sources (3): OT_159 · RD_007 · RD_027
EDT domains (2): D01: Renewable Energy & Storage Systems · D05: Smart Mobility & Electrified Transport