Source
doi:10.1037/1089-2680.10.4.302 — original publication (opens in a new tab; the file is not redistributed)
Context: thesis · No NI feeds (shallow ingest)
Summary
Koltko-Rivera documents a part of Maslow’s theory that the popular five-tier version leaves out: in his later work Maslow placed self-transcendence as a motivational level beyond self-actualisation. Self-transcendence points outward, to purposes and communities larger than the self, which makes it a better fit than individual self-actualisation for the apex of a community self-sufficiency argument. It is an optional supporting reference that lets the review use the needs hierarchy without overstating its individualist top tier. Subordinate to Bustamin (LIT_001) and the FEW nexus.
Key thesis insights
- Maslow added self-transcendence above self-actualisation. Abstract (p.302): “Maslow (1969a) amended his model, placing self-transcendence as a motivational step beyond self-actualization.” The often-cited five-tier hierarchy therefore reflects the earlier version; the later Maslow is more communal at the top. LIT_126
- The rectified hierarchy. In the body (p.306): “Maslow identified a construct, self-transcendence, that went beyond self-actualization in his motivational hierarchy… A rectified version of Maslow’s hierarchy includes the top line of Table 1, self-transcendence.” The section is headed “A New Step Beyond Self-Actualization” (p.304). Useful where the thesis frames flourishing as connection to something beyond the individual household. LIT_126
Notes
- Role. Optional supporting reference for the flourishing apex. Use only where the argument needs the communal top tier; otherwise the core Maslow and Max-Neef references suffice.
- Provenance. Full published APA article obtained from a CiteSeerX cached copy (masthead, DOI and pagination confirmed on page 1). Downloaded as the authoritative article, not AI-prepared, so no retrieval-provenance block.
- Scope. context thesis, feeds empty, shallow ingest. No research target opened.
Connections
Links to
Sources (1): LIT_001