OT_006: BRANZ ER118 — Roadmap for Engaging with Māori Housing Priorities (2025)

Source

https://www.branz.co.nz/pubs/research-reports/er118/ — original source (opens in a new tab; the file is not redistributed)

Domain routing: i03_local_wisdom_cultural_heritage · i05_good_governance_transparency · i07_fulfilment_basic_needs · d04_sustainable_habitat_building · edt_ssi_convergence

Summary

BRANZ External Research Report ER118, commissioned through the Building Research Levy (2025). Authors: Rihi Te Nana, Rau Hoskins, Tōmairangi McRae, and Amy Knight of Kakariki Consulting. Uses Kaupapa Māori research methodology (pūrākau / storytelling). Five housing wānanga with 30 participants representing four iwi and one rangatahi research group: Ngāti Kuri, Ngāti Pāoa, He Puna Mārama (Whangārei), Whare Ora / Panapa Ehau (Te Tairāwhiti), and Generation Kainga Rangatahi researchers. Concludes with seven recommendations to BRANZ, the building sector, and government.

The dominant finding across all five wānanga: Māori communities want a Mātauranga Māori Building Framework (“Māori Building Code”) that aspires to exceed the minimum NZ Building Code on tikanga, longevity, affordability, and intergenerational wellbeing — framed as “building sovereignty” parallel to food and soil sovereignty. Hawaii’s 2006/2018 building code, which accommodates traditional indigenous architecture within a regulatory framework, is cited as the principal precedent.

Key claims

Historical suppression of Māori building knowledge:

  • Raupo Houses Ordinance Act 1842 — NZ’s first building regulation — prohibited construction of traditional Māori raupo whare and suppressed indigenous building knowledge; raupo insulation pre-dated NZ’s 1977 thermal insulation code by 800+ years.
  • Mīmiro (traditional Māori post-tensioning technique from wharenui construction) is being actively revived and applied to contemporary Māori buildings as a seismic resilience measure.

Māori Building Code (Mātauranga Māori Building Framework):

  • All five wānanga converged on a single priority — a Māori-specific building code aspiring to exceed NZ Building Code minimum on tikanga, longevity, affordability, and intergenerational wellbeing; Hawaii 2006/2018 building code as principal precedent; Whare Ora / Panapa Ehau actively developing.
  • Framed as “building sovereignty” — a parallel to food sovereignty and soil sovereignty movements.

Iwi innovations documented:

  • Ngāti Kuri: multi-generational Pākāinga at Kapowairua, Te Paki Station, Ngātaki; Waimārama Ōhanga Rau (diverse economies) linking housing development with employment creation.
  • Ngāti Pāoa: papakāinga at Ōmaru — communal design, warm-roof technologies, low-carbon materials, training whānau in construction; pātaka kai with community refrigeration for communal food storage.
  • He Puna Mārama (Whangārei): climate-resilient homes; rangatahi-led Māori construction company; CHP absorbs upfront land and consenting costs to enable below-market home ownership; “building capability, capacity… building futures for our students.”
  • Whare Ora / Panapa Ehau (Te Tairāwhiti): closed-loop housing ecosystem — 60-year forestry block at Ruatōrea (selective harvesting of alternative timber species) feeds Kāinga Tū offsite manufacturing; financial literacy and home ownership programme for whānau.

Affordability:

  • “Affordability is fifty thousand dollars” (Ngāti Kuri) — mainstream 30% income threshold does not capture Māori reality; cooperative financing models proposed to reduce upfront cost barriers.
  • He Puna Mārama cross-subsidy model absorbs land and consenting costs to deliver homes at below-market value.

Occupation Order barrier:

  • 78% of land shares must consent for development on Māori land — structurally inaccessible for most whānau due to fragmented ownership from historical confiscation. Whānau build without consent out of necessity; basic services sometimes cut off as coercive pressure. ER118 frames unconsented construction as resilience, not disregard.

Seven recommendations (for citation):

  1. Ground research in Kaupapa Māori praxis
  2. Support Māori Building Code development
  3. Support Rangatahi leadership and innovation
  4. Strengthen sustainable partnerships
  5. Science with Tikanga
  6. Position housing as economic development
  7. Long-term commitment and accountability

Key thesis insights

  • Kaupapa Māori research methodology (pūrākau / storytelling): the report’s own methodology is a case study of indigenous research praxis — relevant to research methods chapters.
  • Colonial suppression → regulatory erasure: the 1842 Ordinance Act is NZ’s earliest documented case of regulation suppressing indigenous technology — a founding historical argument for the decolonisation of building standards.
  • “Building sovereignty”: parallels food sovereignty and soil sovereignty movements; frames building code reform as indigenous self-determination — a thesis-level concept for the governance and technology chapters.
  • Science and technology as servant to mātauranga: “all the brown kids who are tutus” — rangatahi are enthusiastic about science and technology when it serves iwi aspirations; mātauranga Māori and modern technology are framed as complementary, not competing.
  • Housing as economic development: multiple iwi explicitly reject housing as a cost-only proposition — Waimārama Ōhanga Rau links it to employment creation; He Puna Mārama links it to workforce training and capability building.
  • Maihi Ka Ora (Te Ara Maihi Ka Ora): NZ’s 30-year national Māori housing strategy (Crown-Māori partnership, Te Tiriti-based) — the governing policy framework for Māori housing at national scale. [RT_059]

SSI connections

  • I03 Local Wisdom — primary feed: mīmiro revival, Māori Building Framework, rangatahi–science integration, raupo knowledge suppression.
  • I05 Good Governance — Maihi Ka Ora policy framework; Occupation Order structural barrier; He Puna Mārama governance model.
  • I07 Basic Needs — Māori affordability definition; unconsented housing as informal self-sufficiency; Ngāti Kuri Pākāinga model.
  • I08 Innovation — Whare Ora closed-loop supply chain; Ngāti Pāoa pātaka kai refrigeration.
  • I01 Financial — Waimārama Ōhanga Rau diverse economies; He Puna Mārama cross-subsidy.

Research targets

Documents to retrieve

  • [RT_058] Hawaii State Building Code accommodation for traditional indigenous architecture (enacted 2006, amended 2018) — primary precedent cited across all five wānanga for the proposed NZ Māori Building Code; locate specific statute (Hawaii Revised Statutes §107 or related). → I03, D04
  • [RT_059] Te Ara Maihi Ka Ora — The National Māori Housing Strategy (NZ Government, 30-year) — primary policy document for Māori housing governance and supply reform under Te Tiriti; thesis context for governance and basic needs. → I05, I07, thesis

Open questions

  • Māori Building Code development: is Whare Ora / Panapa Ehau’s effort publicly documented beyond ER118?
  • Does the Kāinga Tū offsite manufacturing facility have a published case study or web presence?

Connections

Links to

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